A Reference Point Theory of Mergers and Acquisitions
47 Pages Posted: 23 Mar 2009 Last revised: 23 Nov 2009
There are 3 versions of this paper
A Reference Point Theory of Mergers and Acquisitions
A Reference Point Theory of Mergers and Acquisitions
A Reference Point Theory of Mergers and Acquisitions
Date Written: October 16, 2009
Abstract
The use of judgmental anchors or reference points in valuing corporations affects several basic aspects of merger and acquisition activity including offer prices, deal success, market reaction, and merger waves. Offer prices are biased towards the 52-week high, a highly salient but largely irrelevant past price, and the modal offer price is exactly that reference price. An offer's probability of acceptance discontinuously increases when the offer exceeds the 52-week high; conversely, bidder shareholders react increasingly negatively as the offer price is pulled upward toward that price. Merger waves occur when high recent returns on the stock market and on likely targets make it easier for bidders to offer the 52-week high.
Keywords: mergers, acquisitions, behavioral finance, behavioral corporate finance, psychology, reference point
JEL Classification: G34
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
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