Mandatory IFRS Adoption and Accounting Quality of European Banks

Abstract

This paper examines the implications of mandatory IFRS adoption on the accounting quality of banks in twelve EU countries. Specifically, we analyse how the change in the recognition and measurement of banks’ main operating accrual item, the loan loss provision, affects income smoothing behaviour and timely loss recognition. We find that the restriction to recognize only incurred losses under IAS 39 significantly reduces income smoothing. This effect is less pronounced in countries with stricter bank supervision, widely dispersed bank ownership and for EU banks cross-listed in the US. This provides additional evidence that institutions matter in shaping financial reporting outcomes. Further, the application of the incurred loss approach results in less timely loan loss recognition implying delayed recognition of future expected losses. In the light of the ongoing financial crises it is questionable whether this is a desirable financial reporting outcome of mandatory IFRS adoption.

Keywords: IFRS, bank accounting, loan loss provisions, income smoothing, timeliness of loss recognition, bank regulation, ownership structure

JEL Classification: G21, G28, G34, M41