Fiscal Federalism: US History for Architects of Europe's Fiscal Union
24 Pages Posted: 10 Jan 2012
Date Written: January 10, 2012
Abstract
European debates over reform of the fiscal governance of the euro area frequently reference fiscal federalism in the United States. The "fiscal compact" agreed by the European Council during 2011 provided for the introduction of, among other things, constitutional rules or framework laws known as "debt brakes" in the member states of the euro area. In light of the compact and proposals for deeper fiscal union, we review US fiscal federalism from Alexander Hamilton to the present. We note that within the US system the states are "sovereign." The federal government does not mandate balanced budgets nor, since the 1840s, does it bail out states in fiscal trouble. States adopted balanced budget rules of varying strength during the nineteenth century and these rules limit debt accumulation. Before introducing debt brakes for euro area member states, however, Europeans should consider three important caveats. First, debt brakes are likely to be more durable and effective when "owned" locally rather than mandated centrally. Second, maintaining a capacity for countercyclical macroeconomic stabilization is essential. Balanced budget rules have been viable in the US states because the federal government has a broad set of fiscal powers, including countercyclical fiscal action. Finally, because debt brakes threaten to collide with bank rescues, the euro area should unify bank regulation and create a common fiscal pool for restructuring the banking system.
Keywords: fiscal federalism, balanced budget rules, US financial history, state debt, euro crisis, fiscal compact
JEL Classification: H77, F33, N41, N42
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
Do you have a job opening that you would like to promote on SSRN?
Recommended Papers
-
Automatic Stabilizers and Economic Crisis: Us vs. Europe
By Mathias Dolls, Clemens Fuest, ...
-
Automatic Stabilizers and Economic Crisis: US vs. Europe
By Mathias Dolls, Clemens Fuest, ...
-
Automatic Stabilizers and Economic Crisis: Us vs. Europe
By Mathias Dolls, Clemens Fuest, ...
-
The Role of the Corporate Income Tax as an Automatic Stabilizer
By Thiess Buettner and Clemens Fuest
-
A Fiscal Union for the Euro: Some Lessons from History
By Michael D. Bordo, Agnieszka Markiewicz, ...
-
Automatic Stabilizers, Economic Crisis and Income Distribution in Europe
By Mathias Dolls, Clemens Fuest, ...
-
The Fiscal Stimulus of 2009-10: Trade Openness, Fiscal Space and Exchange Rate Adjustment
By Joshua Aizenman and Yothin Jinjarak