Spatial Climate-Economic Models in the Design of Optimal Climate Policies across Locations

Abstract

We couple a one-dimensional energy balance climate model with heat transportation across latitudes, with an economic growth model. We derive temperature and damage distributions across locations and optimal taxes on fossil fuels which, in contrast to zero-dimensional Integrated Assessment Models, account for cross latitude externalities. We analyze the impact of welfare weights on the spatial structure of optimal carbon taxes and identify conditions under which these taxes are spatially non-uniform and are lower in latitudes with relatively lower per capita income populations. We show the way that heat transportation affects local economic variables and taxes, and locate sufficient conditions for optimal mitigation policies to have rapid ramp-up initially and then decrease over time.

Keywords: one-dimensional energy balance model, heat transport, latitudes, temperature distribution, damage distribution, social planner, competitive equilibrium, local welfare weights, optimal taxes

JEL Classification: Q54, Q58, R11