The Elasticity of Taxable Income: Evidence and Implications
49 Pages Posted: 17 Mar 2000 Last revised: 13 Jul 2022
Date Written: January 2000
Abstract
A central tax policy parameter that has recently received much attention, but about which there is substantial uncertainty, is the overall elasticity of taxable income. We provide new estimates of this elasticity which address identification problems with previous work, by exploiting a long panel of tax returns to study a series of tax reforms throughout the 1980s. This identification strategy also allows us to provide new evidence on both the income effects of tax changes on taxable income, and on variation in the elasticity of taxable income by income group. We find that the overall elasticity of taxable income is approximately 0.4; the elasticity of real income, not including tax preferences, is much lower. We also estimate small income effects on tax changes on reported income, implying that the compensated and uncompensated elasticities of taxable income are very similar. We estimate that this overall elasticity is primarily due to a very elastic response of taxable income for taxpayers who have incomes above $100,000 per year, who have an elasticity of 0.57, while for those with incomes below $100,000 per year the elasticity is less than one-third as large. Moreover, high income taxpayers who itemize are particularly responsive to taxation. We then derive optimal income tax structures using these elasticities. Our estimates suggest that the optimal system for most redistributional preferences consists of a large demogrant that is rapidly taxed away for low income taxpayers, with lower marginal rates at higher income levels.
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
Do you have a job opening that you would like to promote on SSRN?
Recommended Papers
-
The Effect of Marginal Tax Rates on Taxable Income: A Panel Study of The1986 Tax Reform Act
-
Tax Avoidance, Evasion, and Administration
By Joel B. Slemrod and Shlomo Yitzhaki
-
What Happens When You Tax the Rich? Evidence from Executive Compensation
-
A New Method of Estimating Risk Aversion
By Raj Chetty
-
Reported Incomes and Marginal Tax Rates, 1960-2000: Evidence and Policy Implications
-
Are "Real" Responses to Taxes Simply Income Shifting between Corporate and Personal Tax Bases?
By Roger H. Gordon and Joel B. Slemrod
-
Do We Now Collect Any Revenue from Taxing Capital Income?
By Roger H. Gordon, Laura Kalambokidis, ...