Creating Entrepreneurial Spirit in Indonesia: Role of Educators?

Abstract

Educational institutions have flooded the market with various classes, subjects, and curriculums. There are institutions that may have established ventures with other educational institutions overseas. This is mainly done to attract prospective students and parents toward particular educational institutions. The most common avenue to increase the competitiveness is to put-forth the classroom study methodology. It has become common practice that educators may have to change the teaching method to ensure that the actual delivery of teaching materials are in accordance with the needs of advanced education and marketplaces. This should have been conducted, not only as a mere of specific knowledge transfers, but also to transfer general knowledge, practical knowledge, emotional stability, and maturity.

Undoubtedly, a teaching method aims toward boosting entrepreneurial spirit may have to enhance the individual creativity in playing his/her role in organizations, either as entrepreneurs, or intrapreneurs. The Coasean theory of the firm (Coase, 1937) and the Penrosean theory of the firm (Penrose, 1959) are used as a foundation on the thinking process, including its development, particularly the entrepreneurial theory of the firm (Stam, et al, 2006). In addition, thinking process and concepts from entrepreneurial studies from Hisrich, et al (2005) are also used in this study, besides the synergy references and performance measurements. Studies on quality of educators are used as an approximation on teaching method toward shaping the entrepreneurial spirit. Group synergy is used to proxy group interaction as a supporting cushion to leverage the entrepreneurial spirit even more. Performance measurements are used to note the outcomes of quality of educators and group synergy. Using the combination of the theory of the firm, entrepreneurial studies, synergy references, and performance measurements, it is expected that this study is able to reveal the theoretical foundation on building arguments toward changes in teaching method from childhood education to university level. It is expected that this study is able to evaluate the critical role of creative education toward building entrepreneurial spirit in Indonesia.

Keywords: education, creative, entrepreneurs, intrapreneurs, entrepreneurial spirit, creative education, entrepreneurial theory of the firm

JEL Classification: M10, M13, l20, I20, I21, D83, A10