Privačių detektyvinių paslaugų naudojimo galimybės siekiant asmens teisių ir teisėtų interesų apsaugos (The Ability to Use Private Detective Services for the Protection of a Person's Rights and Lawful Interests)

Abstract

Privatūs detektyvai Lietuvoje paslaugas siūlo daugiau kaip dvidešimt metų, tačiau iki šiol pavienių privačių detektyvų veiklą reguliuojančių teisės aktų priimta nėra. Siūlomos privačių detektyvų paslaugos pasižymi tuo, kad kliento prašymu yra renkama specifinio pobūdžio informacija, kurios gavimas, nors ir gali būti grindžiamas teisėtais ar asmens apsaugos tikslais, tačiau kartu gali ir pažeisti žmogaus teises. Asmenims, pasivadinusiems privačiais detektyvais, nėra keliami jokie reikalavimai. Privataus detektyvo samprata teisiškai nėra aiški. Taip pat nėra aišku, kam ir kokiais tikslais gali būti naudojama surinkta informacija. Todėl šiame straipsnyje bandoma pateikti privataus detektyvo sampratą, atskleisti jo teikiamų paslaugų specifiką, išanalizuoti, kokią grėsmę privataus detektyvo veikla gali kelti žmogaus teisėms, bei įvertinti privataus detektyvo surinktų duomenų panaudojimo teisiniuose procesuose galimybes.

The threats to society and to the property it owns, and the variety and expansion of such threats, has overwhelmed the public institutions charged with protecting the people and their assets. These institutions cannot react on time to these threats, as they do not have enough resources to do so. As a result, more and more people are applying to the private security firms for help. Private detectives are able to meet the public’s safety needs and they seek to fill that gap created by the inaction of public institutions by providing security services. Today in Lithuania, we can find private persons or companies, which advertise private detective services, but it is worth noticing that there are no laws dealing with the private detective activity, the status of private detectives or peculiarities of their work in this country. Private detective companies are acting as joint stock companies or sole proprietorships and private detective activity is among other the services which these companies are offering. Private detective services mostly are investigative in nature, because some part of information they gather could be collected by spying on people or watching certain places. For that reason, there are reasonable doubts concerning its legality under Lithuanian law. Under Article 22 of the Lithuanian Constitution, information concerning the private life of a person may be collected only upon a justified court decision and only according to the law. Private detective activity should be regulated by the law, because it is possible to violate human rights when providing private detective services. When giving these services, the protection of consumer rights should be secured, by ensuring (for example) that private detectives have a minimum level of competence to do such activity.

Note: Downloadable document is in Lithuanian (abstract only).

Keywords: private detective, private detective services, personal data