اخلاق زيستي و حقوق بشر (Human Rights and Bioethics)

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Legal Research - Supplement No. 3, 2009

66 Pages Posted: 9 Jun 2015 Last revised: 23 Sep 2016

Date Written: 2009

Abstract

Persian Abstract: پديده ها و دستاوردهاي علوم زيستي و پزشكي كه موضوع آنها انسان است، همواره با سوالات اخلاقي بسياري همراه بوده اند. پاسخگويي به اينگونه سوالات اخلاقي نيز مستلزم بهره گرفتن از نظريات كلي اخلاقي است كه تفاوتهاي فاحش و بنياديني با يكديگر دارند. به تدريج رشته اي به نام اخلاق زيستي ايجاد شده كه از جمله رشته هاي در حال توسعه است و در سطح جهاني مورد توجه قرار گرفته. هدف از اين رشته پاسخگويي به سوالات اخلاقي مربوط به علوم زيستي و پزشكي است. از جمله مسايلي كه در اخلاق زيستي اهميت بسزايي دارد، مبناي فلسفي يا نظريه كلي است كه بر اساس آن مي توان پديده ها و دستاوردهاي جديد علمي و پزشكي را قاعده مند كرد و داوريهاي اخلاقي مناسبي انجام داد. در اين مقاله، ضمن بيان برخي از اين مباني فلسفي، نشان داده خواهد شد كه رويكرد مناسب در سطح بين المللي هم به لحاظ منطقي و هم به لحاظ عملي، رويكرد مبتني بر نظام بين المللي حقوق بشر است و همين رويكرد توسط دولتها اتخاذ شده است.

English Abstract: Biological and medical innovations and phenomena, the subject of which are the human individual, often entail a myriad of ethical questions. Providing an answer to these ethical dilemmas necessitates the invocation of general ethical theories that inherently contain fundamental differences. The quickly developing discipline of bioethics addresses such issues. The purpose of the said discipline is to provide answers to the numerous questions and ambiguities raised by biological and medical developments.

One of the more salient and fundamental questions raised is the philosophical basis or general ethical theory that would be most appropriate to address such pressing needs as the regulation of biomedical scientific activities and that would enable a coherent, globally valid justification of ethical judgments concerning biomedical issues. This article describes some of the more prominent ethical disciplines, and argues that internationally, the more logically valid and practically feasible approach would be based on the international regime of human rights.

Note: Downloadable document is in Persian.

Keywords: Ethics, Applied Ethics, Bioethics, International Law, Human Rights

Suggested Citation

Movassagh, Hooman, اخلاق زيستي و حقوق بشر (Human Rights and Bioethics) (2009). Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Legal Research - Supplement No. 3, 2009, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2331180

Hooman Movassagh (Contact Author)

University at Albany- SUNY ( email )

1400 Washington Ave
Albany, NY 12222
United States

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