Crisis Evaluation and Its Management: A Model for Managers

Abstract

Crisis literally means an "emergency" or "urgency". Crisis is also defined as "such events which act as a turning point for better or worse". The word crisis has been derived from the Greek word 'Krisis' meaning differentiation or decision. Although this term was used to describe the differentiation between what is just and unjust, the meaning may vary when used in medical, political and economical context.

The late US President John F. Kennedy noted, "When written in Chinese, the word crisis is composed of two characters - one represents danger and the other represents opportunity".

Many researchers and scholars over the years have tried to define crisis and crisis situation. While Pauchant and Mitroff3 recommends that a crisis is a "disruption that physically affects a system as a whole and threatens its basic assumptions, its subjective sense of self, and its existential core"; Fink (1986), Kash and Darling (1998) holds that a crisis is an unplanned event emerging from the internal or external environment of an organisation, region or country which can disrupt operations, threaten people physically and mentally, and endanger the viability of entities no longer able to cope with the situation using normal managerial producers. Dirk Glaesser explains that crisis is a dangerous and extraordinary situation in which a decision must be made under time pressure. He further states that crisis is seen as a critical change in important aspects of organization that endanger or disrupts the system. This paper tries s established a model and calculate the total crisis level of any individual or a group . It is a clinical study of crisis management.

Keywords: Crisis, Crisis management, Crisis Evaluation, Crisis Recovery, disasters