Wolf Pack Activism
Management Science, forthcoming
European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI) - Finance Working Paper No. 501/2017
60 Pages Posted: 23 Nov 2014 Last revised: 25 May 2021
There are 2 versions of this paper
Wolf Pack Activism
Date Written: May 10, 2021
Abstract
Blockholder monitoring is central to corporate governance, but blockholders large enough to exercise significant unilateral influence are rare. Mechanisms that enable moderately-sized blockholders to exert collective influence are therefore important. Existing theory suggests that engagement by moderately-sized blockholders is unlikely, especially when the blocks are held by delegated asset managers who have limited skin in the game. We present a model in which multiple delegated blockholders engage target management in parallel, i.e., “wolf pack activism.” Delegation reduces skin in the game, which decreases incentives for engagement. However, it also induces competition over investor capital (i.e, competition for flow). We show that this increases engagement incentives and helps ameliorate the problem of insufficient engagement, though it can also foster excess engagement. Under competition for flow the total amount of capital seeking skilled activist managers is relevant to engagement incentives, which helps to predict when and where wolf packs arise. Flow incentives are particularly valuable in incentivizing engagement by packs with smaller members.
Keywords: corporate governance; blockholder monitoring; institutional investors; reputation concerns; strategic complementarity
JEL Classification: G34, G23
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation