Tax Regulation, Transportation Innovation, and the Sharing Economy
University of Chicago Law Review Dialogue, Vol. 82, p. 69, 2015
Pepperdine University Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2015/2
16 Pages Posted: 17 Dec 2014 Last revised: 16 Mar 2015
Date Written: December 15, 2014
Abstract
Many emerging companies’ business models center on helping consumers to share assets in new ways. This “sharing economy” has already experienced tremendous growth and attracted considerable investment capital and talent. Yet, as is often the case with economic innovations, existing regulatory structures have hindered the growth of the sharing economy, reducing its popularity and slowing its development.
This Article explores the tension between innovation and regulation, both in general and in a specific context: the intersection of the transportation sector of the sharing economy and the qualified transportation fringe benefit rules of Internal Revenue Code Section 132. We illustrate how regulators’ legitimate concerns combine with the uncertainty surrounding new ways of doing business to create regulatory environments that place new industries at a disadvantage. We also argue that two of the most common approaches that regulators adopt to foster new industries – expanding regulation to encourage new industries and restricting regulation to spur innovation – are both flawed. In tax and other areas of law, these approaches tend to operate cyclically, with each coming into fashion for a time until its flaws are deemed unbearable and it gets replaced by the other. This cycle will continue until someone comes up with a better innovation.
Keywords: Tax, Regulation, Innovation, Sharing Economy, Fringe Benefits
JEL Classification: K20, K34
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation