Urbanization Process, Trend, Pattern and Its Consequences in India
Neo Geographia, Vol. III, Issue IV, October 2014
24 Pages Posted: 24 Mar 2015
Date Written: December 5, 2014
Abstract
The study attempts to understand the urbanization process, trend, pattern and its consequences based on census data during 1901-2011 in India. The regional variations in the distribution of urban population are significant. Results show that India urban population has increased from 2.58 crores in 1901 to 37.71 crores in 2011 due to rapid industrialization and rural to urban migration. Percent urban has increased from 11% in 1901 to 31% in 2011; urbanization in India has been relatively slow compared to many developing countries. India is at acceleration stage of the process of urbanization. According to 2011, Census of India; Goa is the highly urbanized state with an urban population of 62.1 percent. The numbers of million plus cities have increased from 9 in 1951 to 23 in 1991 and to 50 in 2011. Share of Metropolitan cities population has increased 18.9 percent in 1951 to 42.3 percent in 2011. Rapid urbanization raises many issues that might have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. The monitoring urbanization is a vital role of planner, management, governmental and non-governmental organizations for implementing policies to optimize the use of natural resources and accommodate development at the same time minimizing the impact on the environment.
Keywords: Census Component, Degree Of Urbanization, Tempo, Metropolitan City, Urbanization
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