Reducing Implicit Racial Preferences: II. Intervention Effectiveness Across Time

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Forthcoming

30 Pages Posted: 9 Jan 2016 Last revised: 8 Apr 2016

See all articles by Calvin Lai

Calvin Lai

Washington University in St. Louis

Allison Skinner

University of Washington

Erin Cooley

Colgate University

Sohad Murrar

University of Wisconsin - Madison

Markus Brauer

University of Wisconsin - Madison

Thierry Devos

San Diego State University

Jimmy Calanchini

University of Freiburg; University of California, Davis

Yi Jenny Xiao

New York University (NYU)

Christina Pedram

University of California, Irvine

Christopher Marhsburn

University of California, Irvine

Stefanie Simon

Carleton College

John Blanchar

University of Arkansas

Jennifer Joy-Gaba

Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU)

John Conway

University of Florida

Liz Redford

University of Florida

Rick Klein

University of Florida

Gina Roussos

Yale University

Fabian Schellhaas

Yale University

Mason Burns

Purdue University

Xiaoqing Hu

University of Texas at Austin

Meghan McLean

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Jordan Axt

University of Virginia

Shaki Asgari

Measurement Incorporated

Kathleen Schmidt

University of Virginia

Rachel Rubinstein

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Maddalena Marini

Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE)

Sandro Rubichi

Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE)

Jiyun Elizabeth Shin

State University of New York (SUNY) - Department of Psychology

Brian A. Nosek

University of Virginia

Date Written: April 7, 2016

Abstract

Implicit prejudice is malleable, but does that change last? We tested nine interventions (eight real and one sham) that have been demonstrated to reduce implicit racial prejudice temporarily to determine whether their effects also persisted over time. In two studies with a total of 6,321 participants, all nine interventions immediately reduced implicit prejudice, but none were effective after a delay of several hours to several days. We also found that these interventions did not change explicit racial prejudice and were not reliably moderated by motivations to respond without prejudice. Short-term malleability in implicit prejudice does not necessarily lead to longterm change, raising new questions about the flexibility and stability of implicit attitudes.

Keywords: attitudes, racial prejudice, implicit social cognition, malleability, Implicit Association Test

Suggested Citation

Lai, Calvin and Skinner, Allison and Cooley, Erin and Murrar, Sohad and Brauer, Markus and Devos, Thierry and Calanchini, Jimmy and Xiao, Yi Jenny and Pedram, Christina and Marhsburn, Christopher and Simon, Stefanie and Blanchar, John and Joy-Gaba, Jennifer and Conway, John and Redford, Liz and Klein, Rick and Roussos, Gina and Schellhaas, Fabian and Burns, Mason and Hu, Xiaoqing and McLean, Meghan and Axt, Jordan and Asgari, Shaki and Schmidt, Kathleen and Rubinstein, Rachel and Marini, Maddalena and Rubichi, Sandro and Shin, Jiyun Elizabeth and Nosek, Brian A., Reducing Implicit Racial Preferences: II. Intervention Effectiveness Across Time (April 7, 2016). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Forthcoming, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2712520 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2712520

Calvin Lai (Contact Author)

Washington University in St. Louis ( email )

1 Brookings Dr
Campus Box 1125
St. Louis, MO 63130
United States

Allison Skinner

University of Washington ( email )

Seattle, WA 98195
United States

Erin Cooley

Colgate University ( email )

13 Oak Drive
Hamilton NY 13346, NY 13346
United States

Sohad Murrar

University of Wisconsin - Madison ( email )

Madison
Madison, WI 53705

Markus Brauer

University of Wisconsin - Madison ( email )

716 Langdon Street
Madison, WI 53706-1481
United States

Thierry Devos

San Diego State University ( email )

San Diego, CA 92182-0763
United States

Jimmy Calanchini

University of Freiburg ( email )

Fahnenbergplatz
Freiburg, D-79085
Germany

HOME PAGE: http://jimmycalanchini.com

University of California, Davis ( email )

One Shields Avenue
Apt 153
Davis, CA 95616
United States

Yi Jenny Xiao

New York University (NYU) ( email )

Bobst Library, E-resource Acquisitions
20 Cooper Square 3rd Floor
New York, NY 10003-711
United States

Christina Pedram

University of California, Irvine ( email )

Campus Drive
Irvine, CA California 62697-3125
United States

Christopher Marhsburn

University of California, Irvine ( email )

Campus Drive
Irvine, CA California 62697-3125
United States

Stefanie Simon

Carleton College ( email )

One North College St.
Northfield, MN 55057
United States

John Blanchar

University of Arkansas ( email )

Fayetteville, AR 72701
United States

Jennifer Joy-Gaba

Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) ( email )

1015 Floyd Avenue
Richmond, VA 23284
United States

John Conway

University of Florida ( email )

PO Box 117165, 201 Stuzin Hall
Gainesville, FL 32610-0496
United States

Liz Redford

University of Florida ( email )

PO Box 117165, 201 Stuzin Hall
Gainesville, FL 32610-0496
United States

Rick Klein

University of Florida ( email )

PO Box 117165, 201 Stuzin Hall
Gainesville, FL 32610-0496
United States

Gina Roussos

Yale University ( email )

493 College St
New Haven, CT CT 06520
United States

Fabian Schellhaas

Yale University ( email )

493 College St
New Haven, CT CT 06520
United States

Mason Burns

Purdue University ( email )

610 Purdue Mall
West Lafayette, IN 47907
United States

Xiaoqing Hu

University of Texas at Austin ( email )

2317 Speedway
Austin, TX Texas 78712
United States

Meghan McLean

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey ( email )

311 North 5th Street
New Brunswick, NJ 08854
United States

Jordan Axt

University of Virginia ( email )

1400 University Ave
Charlottesville, VA 22903
United States

Shaki Asgari

Measurement Incorporated ( email )

423 Morris Street
Durham, NC 27701

Kathleen Schmidt

University of Virginia ( email )

1400 University Ave
Charlottesville, VA 22903
United States

Rachel Rubinstein

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey ( email )

311 North 5th Street
New Brunswick, NJ 08854
United States

Maddalena Marini

Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE) ( email )

viale Allegri, 9
Modena, Reggio Emilia 42121
Italy

Sandro Rubichi

Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE) ( email )

Viale A. Allegri 9
Modena, Modena 42121
Italy

Jiyun Elizabeth Shin

State University of New York (SUNY) - Department of Psychology ( email )

Stony Brook, NY 11733-2500
United States

Brian A. Nosek

University of Virginia ( email )

1400 University Ave
Charlottesville, VA 22903
United States

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