Constraints on Private Conservation of Biodiversity

Abstract

This paper finds that private sector, which can play an important role in the conservation of biodiversity, is being constrained from doing so by a range of institutional factors. Commonwealth, State and Territory institutional and regulatory arrangements - particularly relating to land tenure, competitive neutrality, native wildlife regulation and taxation frameworks - can impede otherwise desirable private conservation activities. Other key messages in the paper are:

The institutional frameworks are characterised by extensive and often complex legislation and regulation. At times, the interpretation or application of the frameworks, or of specific legislation or regulation may be uncertain. Further, the legislation and regulation may be applied inconsistently within or between jurisdictions.

These factors can increase the relative costs and risks of private conservation activities compared with those of other viable land uses. This impact may influence investment decisions and lead to less efficient and less effective conservation outcomes.

Removing or reducing existing constraints could have positive biodiversity benefits, although further analysis is required to assess the appropriateness or otherwise of specific policy responses.

Keywords: private conservation, biodiversity, environment, land tenure, wildlife, regulation, land tenure, taxation