Perceived Disabilities, Social Cognition, and 'Innocent' Mistakes

99 Pages Posted: 17 Aug 2001

See all articles by Michelle A. Travis

Michelle A. Travis

University of San Francisco - School of Law

Abstract

This Article uses social cognition literature to analyze one form of non-prototypic employment discrimination under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). When enacting the ADA, Congress recognized that discrimination against individuals with disabilities is so pervasive that it reaches beyond those who possess substantially limiting impairments. Therefore, the ADA protects not only individuals who have an actual disability, but also non-disabled individuals who are mistakenly regarded as disabled by their employer. The field of social cognition, particularly causal attribution theory, studies why, how, and when we misperceive other individuals' capabilities. By taking an interdisciplinary approach, this Article concludes that many perceived disabilities are likely to occur as the predictable byproduct of otherwise efficient and typically unconscious cognitive processes, rather than from the conscious application of group-based prejudice. This Article argues that these misperceptions should not be ignored, as many current courts are doing. However, it suggests conceptualizing this type of employment discrimination as a form of negligence or strict liability with limited remedies, as an alternative to relying solely on a model of intentional torts.

Suggested Citation

Travis, Michelle A., Perceived Disabilities, Social Cognition, and 'Innocent' Mistakes. Vanderbilt Law Review, Vol. 55, p. 481, 2002, Stanford/Yale Jr. Faculty Forum Paper No. 01-18, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=280395 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.280395

Michelle A. Travis (Contact Author)

University of San Francisco - School of Law ( email )

2130 Fulton Street
San Francisco, CA 94117
United States
415-422-5869 (Phone)
415-422-6433 (Fax)

Do you have negative results from your research you’d like to share?

Paper statistics

Downloads
298
Abstract Views
3,470
Rank
176,389
PlumX Metrics