Baby Bonus, Anyone? Examining Heterogeneous Responses to a Pro-Natalist Policy
55 Pages Posted: 4 Oct 2016 Last revised: 25 Nov 2018
Date Written: November 22, 2018
Abstract
We examine the impact of the Allowance for Newborn Children, a universal baby bonus offered by the Canadian province of Quebec, on birth order, sibship sex composition, income, and education. We find a large response for third and higher-order births for which the bonus was more generous. Interestingly, though, we find stronger response if there were two previous sons or a previous son and daughter rather than two previous daughters. We also find, in addition to a transitory effect, a permanent effect, with the greatest increase in one daughter-two son families among three-child households. Moreover, we find a hump shape response by income group, with the greatest response from middle-income families. Also, women with at least some post-secondary education respond more to the policy than those with less. These findings suggest that properly structured pro-natal policies can successfully increase fertility among different segments of the population while simultaneously diminishing the effect of gender preferences and fertility disparity related to women‟s education.
Keywords: Fertility; Family Policy; Reform
JEL Classification: J13, H31
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation