Experimental Evaluation and Theoretical Investigations of Fiber Raman Amplifiers and Its Gain Optimization Based on Single Forward Pump

Abstract

In this paper, we perform the experiment evaluation and the optimization of forward pumped fiber Raman amplifiers. The pumping configuration characteristics and optimum single mode large-effective-area fiber lengths for the system are presented within the framework of the undepleted pump approximation. It is found that achievable optimal span length and Raman gain in optimized forward pumped is about 52 km and 3.92 dB (2.42 dB) using an efficient particle swarm optimization (PSO) method at signal wavelength 1500 nm, higher than that without using PSO in signal wavelength 1300 nm for 200 mW pumping power. The experimental results showed that the gain flatness of the forward Raman amplifier can be maintained over a wide wavelength with a gain ripple lower than 0.4 dB.

Keywords: Forward Pumped, Raman Amplifiers, Large-Effective-Area Fiber, Particle Swarm Optimization