Social Adaptation As an Element of Social Policy

Abstract

Socio-psychological aspect of social adaptation Psychological manifestations and characteristics of the social environment as a whole and of its individual components (given the different social groups) are subject to study by social psychology. In the process of social adaptation, regardless of their preferences and non-preferences, the individual is dependent on the psychological manifestations of the social environment. Its adaptation to the public psyche is a multivariate process, determined essentially by the individual characteristics of the individual. The differences between the individual characteristics of the individual and the homogeneity of psychological manifestations of the social psyche, create the problem of the socio-psychological aspect of social adaptation. Adaptation to the national psyche or to the psyche of a particular class, is mediated by micro social groups, in which the individual is included. The system of social groups has common psycho-social characteristics which give the appearance of the micro-social groups. The perception of the individual of these common characteristics passes through the socio-psychological communication in the small social groups. And this is connected with the socio-psychological aspects of adaptation, while the phenomenon of group communication is the psychological climate. Psychological climate and social adaptation are in functional dependence. The influence of the factor psychological climate on the adaptation of the individual has an attributive meaning. The psychological climate stays at the center of the socio-psychological component of adapting to each single static and temporary social group.

Different definitions of psychological climate are either very large in volume, or go beyond the frame of the specific problem. Here a definition is necessary, on the basis of which the relationship between climate and social adaptation to become understandable and accurate. Psychological climate is the result of the communication of the members of a certain micro social group, and represents a dynamic system of thoughts, feelings, attitudes and experiences of this group, regarded as a functional unit. In this sense, the psychological climate is considered the soul of a small group, of a certain community. The way the individual accepts other individuals in his emotional world, so does the community, through its inherent psychological life, accept or reject some of its members. This kind of spirituality of the micro social group acquires its durability on the basis of the proximity of the objectives, interests and needs for joint action of the individuals. Once having emerged, the psychological climate exercises its significant impact on the behavior of the members of the social group and of the group itself, as a defined whole.

Generally, the psychological climate can be seen in two of its more clearly delineated variants: positive and negative manifestation of the climate. Criterion for this division is the positive or negative impact of certain micro social community on its members. The positive value of the psychological climate reflects a conflict-free relationship, mutual respect and affection, honesty and rigor, willed determination and uncompromising. All this presupposes, and at the same time sets, a positive socio-psychological climate. In such atmosphere of communication, every individual has the opportunity to fully show their acquired knowledge, abilities and skills. The state of psychological equilibrium provides the necessary internal conditions for the perception of growing social demands, aimed at any individual. In positive psychological climate, these requirements, undisturbed by any obstructions, cleanly pass into the behavior of the individual. On this basis, the achievement of pre-made standards of conduct of the individual in society is facilitated.

Keywords: social policies, social adaptation

JEL Classification: J01; J08