Analysis of Socio Economic Conditions and Migration Patterns of Migrant Settlements in Bengaluru

Abstract

Rural to urban and rural to rural migration has become both a boon and a bane. Population migration from rural to urban areas occurs mainly due to the lack of sufficient economic opportunities in rural areas. This is a primary survey conducted on the inter-state migrant settlements in Bangalore and explores the living conditions of migrants before and after migration, their expenditure patterns and vulnerability towards financial exploitation. We analyze push and pull migration pattern. We further explore the perception of parents towards the overall development of migrant children.

Our exploratory study finds that due to the apathy of the government towards the migrated laborers, they end up in slums. Education for migrated laborers children, social security measures like public distribution system, health facility are major concerns. The displaced laborers depend on middlemen to avail jobs. Often these jobs are seasonal. Exercising voting and opportunity for hearing the voice has become difficult. As a result, in a democratic system, migrated laborers face political exclusion. The worst impact of the migration is on women and children. Other social problems like prostitution and spreading of contagious diseases and cultural shocks are other important concerns of migrated. This paper attempts to study and throw light on the gravity of the situation through survey method data collection in Bangalore, the home for the highest number of migrated laborers in India.

Keywords: Migration, Labour issues, Social and economic exploitation