Schools in the Middle: Resolving Schools' Conflicting Duties to Transgender Students and Their Parents

86 UMKC L. Rev. 405

38 Pages Posted: 18 Apr 2018

See all articles by Patrick Murphree

Patrick Murphree

Jacksonville University (Florida)

Date Written: January 1, 2018

Abstract

This article explores the dilemma facing a school when a transgender student requests gender affirmation services that that student’s parent opposes. Of the various potential sources of a transgender student’s right to gender affirmation (local policy, Title IX, the Constitution), the Equal Protection Clause is the most appropriate. Having critiqued the present approach being used by the courts as of 2013, the article then argues that rational basis is the correct standard of the three potentially applicable standards of scrutiny for the fundamental right to parent (strict scrutiny, hybrid claim heightened scrutiny, and rational basis). Evaluating a school’s denial of gender affirmation based on a parent’s objections under intermediate scrutiny and a school’s provision of gender affirmation over a parent’s objection under rational basis, this article concludes that a school must provide gender affirmation to a transgender student even if that student’s parent objects.

Keywords: Transgender, Gender Identity, Gender Affirmation, Children, Schools, Constitutional Law, Title IX, Equal Protection

Suggested Citation

Murphree, Patrick, Schools in the Middle: Resolving Schools' Conflicting Duties to Transgender Students and Their Parents (January 1, 2018). 86 UMKC L. Rev. 405, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3154142

Patrick Murphree (Contact Author)

Jacksonville University (Florida) ( email )

Jacksonville, FL 32211
United States

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