سود کے جواز پرجدید معاشی نظریات اورعقلی توجیہات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ (An Analytical Study of Modern Economic Theories and Rationales Behind Interest)

Abstract

Urdu Abstract: موجودہ مقالے میں ابتداءًسود کی اقسام پر اجمالی بحث کی گئی ہے۔ اس مقالے کا بنیادی مقصدجدیدمعیشت دانوں کی جانب سے سود کےجواز پرعقلی دلائل کو بیان کرنا اور پھرقران و سنت کے ساتھ ساتھ عقل ِخُداد کی روشنی میں انہی عقلی دلائل کی تحلیل کرنا ہے۔تاکہ قاری پر یہ بات واضح ہوسکے کہ اللہ جل مجدہ کی جانب سے سود کی حرمت عقلی دلائل کی روشنی میں بھی ایک بیّن حکم ہے۔اس مقالے میں سود کی دوسری قسم ربا الفضل پر بحث نہیں کی گئی کیونکہ تمام جدید نظریات کا بنیادی تعلق ربا النسیئہ سے ہے۔

English Abstract: The Islamic economic system is built-in ethic based system in which contracts and matters have been raised in a way that the attitudes of trust and sincerity between human beings may prevail. Therefore, where Islam has given orders related to sales, transactions, and other contracts, Islam also prohibited the elements those are disastrous for relations on both National and International levels. Interest is an element that promotes hatred among people as well as Nations. Islam prohibited the interest. Conventional economics, on the contrary, encourages the interest in different ways. Conventional economists presented theories of interest e.g. Waiting theory, Time preference theory, Theory of compensation, Theory of Exploitation, Theory of Production and Classical Theory of Interest. Every theory is the devil advocacy of interest permissibility. All these theories provide economic rationales behind charging the interest. In this article, all above mentioned theories along with their economic rationales are briefly analyzed and criticized in the light of socioeconomic rationales. This article also explains the weaknesses and flaws of these theories. Besides these theories this article also discusses the types of interest in brief. In this article, it is attempted to make clear the idea why Islam prohibited the interest.

Note: Downloadable document is in Urdu.

Keywords: Riba, Economic Rationales of Interest, Theories of Interest, Commercial Interest, Usury

JEL Classification: E40, E43, E47, E49, G11, G21