Intra-Horizon Expected Shortfall and Risk Structure in Models with Jumps

Abstract

The present article deals with intra-horizon risk in models with jumps. Our general understanding of intra-horizon risk is along the lines of the approach taken in [BRSW04], [Ro08], [BMK09], [BP10], and [LV20]. In particular, we believe that quantifying market risk by strictly relying on point-in-time measures cannot be deemed a satisfactory approach in general. Instead, we argue that complementing this approach by studying measures of risk that capture the magnitude of losses potentially incurred at any time of a trading horizon is necessary when dealing with (m)any financial position(s). To address this issue, we propose an intra-horizon analogue of the expected shortfall for general profit and loss processes and discuss its key properties. Our intra-horizon expected shortfall is well-defined for (m)any popular class(es) of Lévy processes encountered when modeling market dynamics and constitutes a coherent measure of risk, as introduced in [CDK04]. On the computational side, we provide a simple method to derive the intra-horizon risk inherent to popular Lévy dynamics. Our general technique relies on results for maturity-randomized first-passage probabilities and allows for a derivation of diffusion and single jump risk contributions. These theoretical results are complemented with an empirical analysis, where popular Lévy dynamics are calibrated to the S&P 500 index and the Brent crude oil data, and an analysis of the resulting intra-horizon risk is presented.

Keywords: Intra-Horizon Risk, Value at Risk, Expected Shortfall, Levy Processes, Hyper-Exponential Distribution, Risk Decomposition

JEL Classification: C32, C63, G01, G51