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Long-Term Persistence of Anti-HAV Antibody Conferred by a Single Dose of Live-Attenuated Hepatitis A Vaccine: Results from 17-Year Follow-Up

29 Pages Posted: 24 Jun 2020

See all articles by Ying Chen

Ying Chen

Fudan University

Song-Mei Wang

Fudan University

Xin-Jiang Zhang

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Jing-Chen Ma

Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Zhi-Yong Hao

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Zhi-Yong Zhang

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Yan-Hong Zhang

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Gan Zhao

Fudan University

Chao Qiu

Fudan University

Paul E. Kilgore

Wayne State University

Yu-Liang Zhao

Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Xuan-Yi Wang

Fudan University - Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS); Fudan University - Institutes of Biomedical Sciences

More...

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: With implementation of mass immunization and improvements in sanitation, China is moving rapidly from high to low endemicity of hepatitis A (HA). To prevent a resurgence after intense vaccination, a comprehensive and systematic assessment of long-term protection against HA conferred by vaccine was thus performed.

METHODS: In 1996, 3,515 susceptible children aged one to 12 years were recruited in a randomized, open trial to assess the efficacy of a live-attenuated HA vaccine. During a 17-year follow-up period, children were tested for antibody persistence and long-term protection against both hepatitis A virus (HAV) disease and infection. Case finding was conducted using the China National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System. Serum anti-HAV antibody levels were evaluated by the ELISA method to ascertain antibody persistence and protection against infection.

RESULTS: During the 17-year follow-up, 2,132 (61%) children from the initial cohort were available for analysis. After calibrating the sensitivity of assay, excluding natural infection and vaccine booster, the sero-positive rate and the geometric mean concentrations declined from 94.9% and 131.3 mIU/mL (91.5-188.4mIU/mL) at the peak to 55.6% and 41.1 mIU/mL (95% CI: 27.8-61.0 mIU/mL) respectively, with a similar natural infection rate in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that long-term protection against hepatitis A persists at least for 17 years after administration of a single dose of a live-attenuated HA vaccine and suggests that a booster dose is currently not necessary.

FUNDING STATEMENT: This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation (China) (81072346), National Science and Technology Project of Major Infectious Diseases (2008ZX10002-003, 2012ZX10002002004)

DECLARATION OF INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

ETHICS APPROVAL STATEMENT: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University. Written inform consent was obtained from each participant.

Keywords: Hepatitis A virus; Live attenuated vaccine; Anti-HAV; Persistence

Suggested Citation

Chen, Ying and Wang, Song-Mei and Zhang, Xin-Jiang and Ma, Jing-Chen and Hao, Zhi-Yong and Zhang, Zhi-Yong and Zhang, Yan-Hong and Zhao, Gan and Qiu, Chao and Kilgore, Paul E. and Zhao, Yu-Liang and Wang, Xuan-Yi, Long-Term Persistence of Anti-HAV Antibody Conferred by a Single Dose of Live-Attenuated Hepatitis A Vaccine: Results from 17-Year Follow-Up (3/30/2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3566200 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3566200

Ying Chen

Fudan University

Beijing West District Baiyun Load 10th
Shanghai, 100045
China

Song-Mei Wang

Fudan University

Beijing West District Baiyun Load 10th
Shanghai, 100045
China

Xin-Jiang Zhang

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Hebei
China

Jing-Chen Ma

Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention

97 Huai An East Rd
Shijiazhuang, Hebei
China

Zhi-Yong Hao

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Hebei
China

Zhi-Yong Zhang

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Hebei
China

Yan-Hong Zhang

Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Hebei
China

Gan Zhao

Fudan University

Beijing West District Baiyun Load 10th
Shanghai, 100045
China

Chao Qiu

Fudan University

Beijing West District Baiyun Load 10th
Shanghai, 100045
China

Paul E. Kilgore

Wayne State University

Department of Physiology, Wayne State University
Detroit, MI 48202
United States

Yu-Liang Zhao

Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention ( email )

97 Huai An East Rd
Shijiazhuang, Hebei
China

Xuan-Yi Wang (Contact Author)

Fudan University - Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS) ( email )

138 Dong’an Rd
Shanghai, 200032
China

Fudan University - Institutes of Biomedical Sciences ( email )

138 Yi Xue Yuan Rd
Shanghai
China