Protecting Freedom of Expression over the Internet: An International Approach

Abstract

Writing primarily in 2013, Alan Sears examines different aspects of the international legal framework as to how freedom of expression over the Internet may be protected. Even though the Internet has largely incorporated the concept of freedom of expression from its inception, the need for such protection has become increasingly evident. States around the world have progressively cracked down on Internet speech, a trend highlighted by recent events occurring during the Arab Spring. Alan thus focuses on the Middle East when exploring how Internet governance may be shaped, and human rights and trade agreements may be utilized, in order to make sure that the freedom of expression over the Internet remains respected. He discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different frameworks, suggests proposals for improvements, and argues for the importance of engaging with different stakeholders in decision-making processes to better meet this end.

Keywords: human rights, fundamental rights, freedom of expression, Internet, internet governance, ICCPR, CDHRI, UPR, trade agreements