The Evolution of the Beatles Square: Mimicry of the West, or One Attempt Searching for the Identity of Ulaanbaatar City

Abstract

The area of East Asia, which is mainly consist of countries like China, Mongolia, Korea and Japan, due to its overpopulation, urban growth and fascinating industrial progress, has become the subject of discussion of world science. As Asia accounts for over half the world's total population and Asian cities for over 40% worldwide urban population, this event is a major challenge for understanding globalization. East Asia is probably the only part of the world that has the intellectual power that can compete with Western-dominated civilization in the 21st century. The issue of this article is the urban structure of East Asian memorable urban communities that have developed over a period longer than a thousand years, despite the fact that noteworthy city-scapes have to a great extent vanished. In notable urban communities, the urban structure is an article whereupon the history and the way of life of the general public are reflected. In this way, one powerful method by which the exceptional socio-social characters of East Asian urban communities can be comprehended is a basic audit of their urbanism and design. Public squares play an important role in enhancing the image of a city as a tourist attraction. The Ulaanbaatar Beatles square is analyzed contextualizing the concept of urban icons in the period of Mongolian modernization, which a focus on the two successive political periods. Thıs research offers reading public space where elements of architecture, public sculptures and mobiles, as well as the extent of participation point to (re) structuring identities. The process of creating an urban identity of a city reveals the conscientious effect of various social groups. The aim of this study also was to evaluate the Beatles Square space quality and the main characteristics such as physical environment (location of the square, climatic conditions, relationship with the surrounding structures, vehicle relation in terms of accessibility, landscape accessory and fixed elements, street furniture and lighting fixtures. The user's characteristics, which consist of two very important quality criteria, are also analyzed: functionality, usefulness and aesthetic value.

Keywords: Public Design, Mongolian Archıtecture, Ulaanbaatar, Beatles Square

JEL Classification: 12,32,13