In the Eyes of the Law: Perception Versus Reality in Appraisals of Video Evidence

Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2018, Vol. 24, No. 1, 93–104

Yale Law & Economics Research Paper

12 Pages Posted: 20 Nov 2023

See all articles by Yael Granot

Yael Granot

New York University (NYU)

Neal Feigenson

Quinnipiac University - School of Law

Emily Balcetis

New York University (NYU)

Tom Tyler

Yale University - Law School

Date Written: September 21, 2017

Abstract

Video evidence has been widely welcomed into courtrooms, largely on the implicit faith that video objectively represents the legally relevant facts as they are. In this paper, we argue that both lay and legal understanding of video as “objective” is a misapprehension. The ways in which people watch video, as well as the vividness of the format itself, may encourage biased decision-making. We suggest the need for an evidence-based understanding of the probative value and prejudicial pitfalls of video, adapting a rubric used by scholars to assess the reliability of eyewitness testimony. Drawing from contemporary research on visual attention and perception, we question the reliability of people’s interpretations of video. Specifically, we suggest that people over believe video, assuming their interpretations are more accurate and complete than they actually are and failing to discriminate inaccurate from accurate interpretations. Further, people are largely unaware of these biases in their processing of video evidence. We conclude by suggesting future avenues of research geared toward the development of rules and interventions for the presentation of video evidence. We seek to promote dialogue between legal experts and psychologists about new ways to reduce biases in judgment and to maximize the benefits of an increasingly prevalent type of evidence.

Keywords: law, visual perception, attention, judgment and decision-making

Suggested Citation

Granot, Yael and Feigenson, Neal and Balcetis, Emily and Tyler, Tom, In the Eyes of the Law: Perception Versus Reality in Appraisals of Video Evidence (September 21, 2017). Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2018, Vol. 24, No. 1, 93–104, Yale Law & Economics Research Paper, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3752319 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3752319

Yael Granot (Contact Author)

New York University (NYU) ( email )

Bobst Library, E-resource Acquisitions
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New York, NY 10003-711
United States

Neal Feigenson

Quinnipiac University - School of Law ( email )

275 Mt. Carmel Ave.
Hamden, CT 06518
United States

Emily Balcetis

New York University (NYU) ( email )

Bobst Library, E-resource Acquisitions
20 Cooper Square 3rd Floor
New York, NY 10003-711
United States

Tom Tyler

Yale University - Law School ( email )

P.O. Box 208215
New Haven, CT 06520-8215
United States

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