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Early T Cell and Binding Antibody Responses are Associated with COVID-19 RNA Vaccine Efficacy Onset

Med

23 Pages Posted: 2 Mar 2021 Publication Status: Published

See all articles by Shirin Kalimuddin

Shirin Kalimuddin

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Department of Infectious Diseases; Duke NUS Medical School - Emerging Infectious Disease Program

Christine YL Tham

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Martin Qui

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Ruklanthi de Alwis

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Centre for Outbreak Preparedness

Jean XY Sim

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Department of Infection Prevention and Epidemiology

Joey ME Lim

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Hwee-Cheng Tan

Duke-NUS Medical School - Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Ayesa Syenina

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Summer L. Zhang

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Nina Le Bert

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Anthony T. Tan

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Yan Shan Leong

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Jia Xin Yee

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Eugenia Z. Ong

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Eng Eong Ooi

Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School - Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Antonio Bertoletti

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases

Jenny G. Low

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Department of Infectious Diseases

More...

Abstract

RNA vaccines against Covid-19 have demonstrated ~95% efficacy in Phase III clinical trials. Although complete vaccination consisted of two-doses, the onset of protection for both licensed RNA vaccines was observed as early as 12 days after a single dose. The adaptive immune response that coincides with this onset of protection could represent the necessary elements of immunity against Covid-19. Herein, we tracked the early adaptive immune responses after Covid-19 RNA vaccination, in a cohort of 20 healthcare workers. Our findings suggest that early T cell and binding antibody responses, rather than either receptor-blocking or virus neutralizing activity, induced early protection against Covid-19.

Funding: This study was partially funded through a generousdonation from The Hourglass to support Covid-19 research in ViREMiCS. SK receives salary support from the Transition Award, RdA receives funding from the Open Research Fund Young Investigator Award, JGL and EEO receive salary support from the Clinician Scientist Award, and AB receives salary support from the Singapore Translational Research Award, all administered by the National Medical Research Council of Singapore.

Conflict of Interest: Duke-NUS Medical School is in partnership with Arcturus Therapeutics to develop a self-replicating RNA vaccine against Covid-19, with EEO as the principal investigator. No monetary or personal benefits are derived from this partnership.

Ethical Approval: This study was approved by the SingHealth Centralized Institutional Review Board (CIRB/F2021/2014). Healthcare workers (HCWs) from the Singapore Health Services institutions whowere eligible for Covid-19 vaccination were invited to participate in this study, and written informed consent was obtained.

Suggested Citation

Kalimuddin, Shirin and Tham, Christine YL and Qui, Martin and de Alwis, Ruklanthi and Sim, Jean XY and Lim, Joey ME and Tan, Hwee-Cheng and Syenina, Ayesa and Zhang, Summer L. and Le Bert, Nina and Tan, Anthony T. and Leong, Yan Shan and Yee, Jia Xin and Ong, Eugenia Z. and Ooi, Eng Eong and Bertoletti, Antonio and Low, Jenny G., Early T Cell and Binding Antibody Responses are Associated with COVID-19 RNA Vaccine Efficacy Onset. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3796533 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3796533
This version of the paper has not been formally peer reviewed.

Shirin Kalimuddin

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Department of Infectious Diseases

Singapore

Duke NUS Medical School - Emerging Infectious Disease Program

Singapore

Christine YL Tham

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Martin Qui

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Ruklanthi De Alwis

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Centre for Outbreak Preparedness ( email )

Jean XY Sim

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Department of Infection Prevention and Epidemiology ( email )

Joey ME Lim

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Hwee-Cheng Tan

Duke-NUS Medical School - Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Ayesa Syenina

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Summer L. Zhang

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Nina Le Bert

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Anthony T. Tan

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Yan Shan Leong

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Jia Xin Yee

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Eugenia Z. Ong

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Eng Eong Ooi (Contact Author)

Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School - Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

Singapore

Antonio Bertoletti

Duke-NUS Medical School - Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases ( email )

8 College Road
Singapore

Jenny G. Low

National University of Singapore (NUS) - Department of Infectious Diseases ( email )

Singapore

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