The Level of Endothelin-1 in the Blood of Patients With Diabetes, Treated With Hypoglycemic Drugs

Abstract

Endothelin (ET) is one of the most significant regulators of the functional state of vascular endothelium. ET-1 is the principal cardiovascular isoform of the endothelin system. ET-1 has both inflammatory and proliferative affects and contributes to pathogenic processes in the cardiovascular system. In diabetes, the rise of glucose concentration effects the formation of ET -1. The aim of the work was to study the content of ET-1 in the blood of patients with diabetes treated with various hypoglycemic agents. Material and methods. The amount of ET-1 was evaluated via ELISA in 103 individuals: 17 healthy volunteers and 86 patients with diabetes. To determine the concentration of ET-1 the endothelin (1-21) EIA kit (Biomedica) was used. Glycated hemoglobin was determined using one HbA1c FS kit — DiaSys Diagnostic Systems. Results. The average level of endothelin in the blood of patients with diabetes was 0.536±0.047 fmol/ml vs. control — 0.118±0.017 fmol/ml. We did not observed changes of ET-1 levels during monotherapy with metformin or insulin. At metformin + insulin + dapagliflosin, insulin + metformin and sulfonylurea + metformin but not DPP-4 inhibitor + metformin combinations (T2D) there was decrease of ET-1 level in the blood. It is of interest that DPP-4 inhibitor + metformin caused significant increase (0.767±0.043  fmol/ml) of ET-1 concentration. Conclusion. Thus, with combination therapy, except pair DPP-4 inhibitor + metformin, the level of ET-1 in the blood of patients with diabetes decreased significantly more than with monotherapy

Note:
Funding Information: The study was performed according to the plan of research works of the SI «V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Natl. Acad. Med. Sci. of Ukraine» on the topic: «To study the features of the cardiovascular system and formation of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus», state registration 0118U002163.

Declaration of Interests: : The authors declared that there are no conflict of interest or financial commitment.

Ethics Approval Statement: The study protocol was approved by the Institute’s ethics committee. All participants provided written informed consent to the use of their biomaterials for further research and diagnostics.

Keywords: diabetes, endothelin-1, metformin, insulin, dapagliflozin, sulfonylurea, DPP -4 inhibitor