Foreign Trade, Education and Innovative Performance: A Multilevel Analysis

Abstract

This research analyses the innovative performance of 5273 companies across 64 different economic sectors and 32 different regions in Colombia. We assess the different effects on the innovative performance of firms by analyzing firm, sector, and regional level determinants. The study involves the multilevel approach of the innovation process considering the structure and behavior of innovation systems in developing countries. We furthermore focus on technology transfer from foreign trade and the role of education in the process of innovation. We find that education and open economy variables have a significant relationship with innovation performance at the firm and regional levels.

Keywords: Multilevel, Innovative Performance, Open Economy Variables, Innovation Systems, Multilevel Regression Models, Development.

JEL Classification: O31, O32