Artificial Intelligence (AI) at Schengen Borders: Automated Processing, Algorithmic Profiling and Facial Recognition in the Era of Techno-Solutionism

Abstract

This article aims to critically analyse the progressive move towards automated decision-making and artificial intelligence tools in the operationalisation of information systems. To those ends, emphasis is placed on two cases: the use of algorithmic profiling and the collection and further processing of facial images with a view to preparing for the embedment of facial recognition technology. The article evaluates these developments in light of the rights to privacy, data protection and non-discrimination, drawing from the jurisprudence of the European Courts.

Keywords: ETIAS, VIS, automated decision-making, artificial intelligence, facial recognition