Hyperbaric Oxygen Up-Regulates the Expression of PGC-1α to Improve Osteoporosis and Enhances the Effect of Treadmill Exercise On Osteoporosis In Ovariectomized Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of treadmill exercise (EX) on osteoporosis, and of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on osteoblast and osteoclast formation in vitro. The effects of HBO may vary if evaluated with different parameters Reports regarding the effects and mechanism of EX plus HBO, or HBO alone, on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats are limited.

Objective: To investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of HBO, and the combination of HBO and EX on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Materials and methods: A total of 40 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD ) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=8). HBO (2ATA,85-90%O2,90min) and EX (20m/min, 40min/day, 5-degree slope) were administered once a day, five days a week for 12 weeks, until the rats were sacrificed.

Results : All the three treatments significantly promoted the expression of the osteoblast‐related gene (OCN) and oxidative metabolism-related gene (PGC-1α), also exerted significant inhibitory effects on the osteoclast‐related mRNA expression (Rankl ) and bone resorption marker CTX‐I . Additionally, EX and the combination treatment increased the serum SOD and Sost expression. But no significant between-group difference was observed.

Conclusions: HBO(2ATA,85-90%O2,90min), EX ( 20m/min, 40min/day, 5-degree slope ) and the combination could significantly ameliorate the bone microarchitecture deterioration and ovariectomy-induced bone loss in OVX rats, and these inhibitory effects may be associated with the increased SOD and up-regulated PGC-1.

Note:
Funding Information: This study was Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (grant number :81972146).

Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest exist with this submission.

Ethical Approval Statement: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital. (protocol code: 2019/315 and date of approval was 2019.11.28).

Keywords: hyperbaric oxygen, ovariectomy, treadmill exercise, osteoporosis