A New Era of Midnight Mergers: Antitrust Risk and Investor Disclosures
58 Pages Posted: 17 Jan 2022 Last revised: 12 Jul 2024
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A New Era of Midnight Mergers: Antitrust Risk and Investor Disclosures
Date Written: January 2022
Abstract
Antitrust authorities search public documents to discover anticompetitive mergers. Thus, investor disclosures may alert them to deals that would otherwise escape scrutiny, creating disincentives for managers to divulge transactions. We study this behavior in publicly traded US companies. First, we estimate a regression discontinuity that exploits mandatory disclosure thresholds stipulated by securities law. We find that releasing information to investors poses antitrust risk. Second, we present a method for measuring undisclosed merger activity that relies on financial accounting reporting requirements. We find that undisclosed mergers total $2.3 trillion between 2002 and 2016.
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