Gender, Demand for Agricultural Credit and Digital Technology: Survey Evidence From Odisha

IFPRI Discussion Paper 2093

37 Pages Posted: 28 Jan 2022 Last revised: 25 Feb 2022

See all articles by Berber Kramer

Berber Kramer

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

Subhransu Pattnaik

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

Patrick S. Ward

Duke Kunshan University

Date Written: December 31, 2021

Abstract

This paper analyzes the potential linkages between innovations in agricultural credit and women’s empowerment. We provide survey evidence of lower baseline demand for agricultural credit among women than men. When asked to imagine that their financial institution would use data on past cultivation through observations of smartphone and satellite imagery to review loan applications and insure loans, women reported significantly more often than men that this would increase (and not decrease) the likelihood that they would apply for loans, and their desired loan amounts increased significantly more than those of men. Moreover, we find that the gender gap in demand for agricultural credit is explained, in part, by differences in empowerment between women and men, suggesting that increasing women’s empowerment could help bridge gender gaps in credit access and utilization. Using a cluster randomized trial, we assess whether gender sensitization has an effect on women’s empowerment and demand for credit, but we do not find that gender trainings help shift women’s empowerment or demand for credit. We conclude that improving access to digital credit is not going to be sufficient to empower women. Instead, gender responsive or gender transformative programming is required to improve demand and create an enabling environment in which norms are changed and make it easier for women to take out agricultural credit.

Keywords: INDIA, SOUTH ASIA, ASIA, gender, demand, agricultural credit, credit, digital technology, surveys, microfinance, women's empowerment, digital credit

Suggested Citation

Kramer, Berber and Pattnaik, Subhransu and Ward, Patrick S., Gender, Demand for Agricultural Credit and Digital Technology: Survey Evidence From Odisha (December 31, 2021). IFPRI Discussion Paper 2093, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4014732

Berber Kramer (Contact Author)

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) ( email )

1201 Eye St, NW,
Washington, DC 20005
United States

Subhransu Pattnaik

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) ( email )

United States

Patrick S. Ward

Duke Kunshan University ( email )

No. 8 Duke Avenue
Kunshan, Jiangsu 215316
China

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