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Effect of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine on Thyroid Function and Autoimmunity
26 Pages Posted: 7 Feb 2022
More...Abstract
Background: There is limited knowledge regarding the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on the thyroid.
Methods: We performed a randomized controlled trial between April 15 and April 28, 2021, and a prospective cohort study between May 8 and June 30, 2021, enrolling recipients of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Thyroid function, antithyroid antibody levels, and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were detected for each participant before receiving the first dose and 28 days after receiving the second dose.
Findings: A total of 657 recipients participated in the study. Among the 564 participants with normal thyroid function at baseline, 36 (6·38%) developed thyroid dysfunction. Of the 545 recipients with negative antithyroid antibodies at baseline, none developed abnormal antibodies after vaccination. Notably, 70 (75·27%) of the 93 recipients with thyroid dysfunction, returned to normal function after vaccination. The levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb; 96·20%) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb; 88·31%) remained positive after vaccination in most patients with abnormal values at baseline. However, the TgAb levels in more than half of the patients decreased. All of abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody (TRAb) levels at baseline decreased post-vaccination. Only the levels of total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), TgAb pre-vaccination, and TT4 levels post-vaccination, showed a mild correlation with SARS-CoV-2 NAb titers.
Interpretation: Vaccination with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine had no severe impact on thyroid function or antithyroid antibodies. Our study provides evidence-based support for the clinical application of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines in patients with thyroid diseases.Funding The Talent Program of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University.
Trial Registration Details: Both the randomized controlled trial and prospective cohort study were registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100045109 and ChiCTR2100042222, respectively).
Funding Information: The Talent Program of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University.
Declaration of Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Ethics Approval Statement: Both the randomized controlled trial and prospective cohort study were approved by the Ethic Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, inactivated vaccine, thyroid function, antithyroid antibodies, neutralizing antibodies
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