Pemikiran Kritis Mulyadhi Terhadap Bangunan Ilmu Modern (Mulyadhi’s Critical Thinking of Modern Science Buildings)

Abstract

Indonesian Abstract: Mulyadhi Kartanegara memusatkan perhatiannya pada diskursus filsafat Islam yang ide-idenya telah dituangkan ke dalam berbagai bentuk karya ilmiah. Epistemologi integarasi ilmu Mulyadhi Kartanegara menyorot aspek integrasi sumber ilmu dan integrasi metode ilmu. Sumber ilmu menurut Mulyadhi yakni indra, akal dan intuisi, sedangkan ilmuan Barat (materialisme-positivisme) hanya mengakui panca indra sebagai sumber ilmu. Metodologi ilmu dalam epistemologi Mulyadhi yakni, metode observasi atau eksperimen untuk obyek-obyek fisik, metode logis untuk obyek metaempirik, dan metode intuitif (irfani) untuk mengenal obyek secara langsung. Sedang ilmuan modern hanya mengakui metode ilmu observasi atau eksperimen dan menampik metode ilmu yang lain. Selanjutnya, dalam relasi epistemologis dan status ontologis, epistemologi Islam mengakui realitas secara integral-holistik (alam materi, mitzal dan akal dan Tuhan yang merupakn puncak realitas). Kritik Mulyadhi terhadap bangunan ilmu modern adalah tertuju pada rasionalisme-empirik (paradigma Cartesian-Newtonian) yang melahirkan aliran pemikiran: naturalisme, idealisme dan sekulerisme yang bercorak mekanistik dalam memandang realitas semesta. Selanjutnya Mulyadhi melontarkan respon kritisnya pada materialisme melalui islamisasi epistemologis pada aspek klasifikasi ilmu dan metodologi ilmu.

English Abstract: Mulyadhi Kartanegara focused his attention on the discourse of Islamic philosophy whose ideas have been poured into various forms of scientific work. The epistemology of the integration of science Mulyadhi Kartanegara highlights aspects of the integration of the source of knowledge and the integration of science methods. The source of knowledge according to Mulyadhi is senses, reason and intuition, while Western scientists (materialism-positivism) only recognize the five senses as a source of knowledge. The science methodology in Mulyadhi's epistemology is the observation or experiment method for physical objects, the logical method for metaempiric objects, and the intuitive (irfani) method for recognizing objects directly. While modern scientists only recognize the science of observation or experimentation and dismiss other scientific methods. Furthermore, In the epistemological relations and ontological status, Islamic epistemology recognizes reality in an integrally-holistic manner (material nature, mitzal and reason and God is the peak of reality). Mulyadhi's critique of the building of modern science is addressed into empirical-rationalism (Cartesian-Newtonian paradigm) which provides the paradigm of thought: naturalism, idealism and secularism which is mechanistic in looking at the reality of the universe. Mulyadhi offered his critical response to materialism through epistemological Islamization on the aspect of science classification and science methodology.

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Keywords: Social Phenomenon, Conflict of Religion, Social Violance, Harmony of Prularism, Multikulturalism, Religous Education, Social Culture, Social Studies, Humaniora, and the others

JEL Classification: RJSK