The Optimum Angle for Solar Collectors in Road (Tabriz-Urmia)

Abstract

This research aims is to calculate the optimum tilt angle with the horizon concurrently and also appropriate orientation toward north in the flat plate panels in different periods in the Tabriz-Uremia road. For doing so, at first using the average monthly total radiation on the horizontal plate, the diffuse radiation on the horizontal plate was determined. Then the level of radiation on the sloped plate is calculated via a mathematical model in various slopes and the slope and monthly optimal orientation are determined according to the maximum radiation. In the case study of Tabriz-Uremia road, 14 routes to distance of 10 km from each other were classified, optimal slope and appropriate orientation for fourteen roads routes are determined in different intervals as optimal quarterly, semiannual and annual tilt angles. Coding in software Excel was done based on existing relations .The results of calculations showed that the optimum tilt angle with optimal horizon and appropriate orientation toward north in the Tabriz-Uremia road route is 22 and 250 degrees. The results showed that if the tilt angel with horizon and orientation toward north is set monthly, the level of radiation is increased 38 % compared to radiation on the horizontal plate and this value for seasonal, six months and annually increases 45, 35 and 28 percent respectively. For increase of the level of received radiation, it is recommended to change the angle and orientation minimally twice in a year.

Keywords: solar radiation, optimum tilt angle, solar panel