Ai Based Air Quality Pm2.5 Forecasting Models for Developing Countries: A Case Study of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
28 Pages Posted: 16 May 2022
Abstract
Outdoor air pollution damages the climate and causes many diseases. In particular, Particulate Matter (PM2.5) is considered a hazardous air pollutant to human health. Accurate hourly forecasting of the PM2.5 concentration is thus of significant importance for public health, helping the citizens to plan the measures to alleviate the harmful effect.This study analyses and discusses the temporal characteristics of PM2.5 at different locations in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam - an economic centre and a megacity in a developing country with a population of 8.99 million people. We developed several AI-based one-shot multi-step PM2.5 forecasting models, with both an hourly forecast granularity and a 24-hour rolling mean. These Machine Learning algorithms include Stochastic Gradient Descent Regressor, hybrid 1D CNN-LSTM, eXtreme Gradient Boosting Regressor, and Prophet. We collected the data from six monitoring stations installed by the HealthyAir project in HCMC, including traffic, residential and industrial areas. In addition, we developed a suitable model training protocol using data from a short period to address the non-stationarity of the PM 2.5 time series. Our proposed PM 2.5 forecasting models achieve state-of-the-art accuracy and will be deployed in our HealthyAir mobile app to warn HCMC citizens of air pollution issues.
Keywords: Urban air quality, PM2.5 Forecasting, Spatiotemporal analysis, Machine learning, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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