Modified Newton's Second Law Explains Wide Range Scattering of the G Values

Abstract

The modified Newton's second law is obtained in this study using the canonical ensemble approach. Our theory accords well with the experimental data of several experimental groups by fitting high-precision observations of the gravitational constant during the previous two decades. This indicates that the phenomena of inconsistent measurements of the gravitational constant G within the error range can be explained by the modified Newton's second law. The critical acceleration is obtained by the fitting, the value is 1.3111×10-11 m s-2, when the acceleration is around or less than this value, Newton’s second law needs significant modification.

Keywords: Modified Newton's second law, Modified Newtonian dynamics, Gravitational constant