Comparative Antioxidant and Metabolomic Analysis for the Identification of Differential Response of Mytilus Coruscus to Four Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Fungicides

Abstract

Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides (SDHIs) are extensively used and have been frequently detected. However, little information is available about their toxicity to edible bivalves. Therefore, the antioxidant activities and metabolomic response of four SDHIs, namely, bosclid(BC), thifluzamide(TF), fluopyram(FO), and bixafen(BIX), to Mytilus coruscus were comprehensively investigated. The antioxidant activity of BC and TF was significantly increased(p<0.05), whereas those of FO and BIX were significantly decreased. Furthermore, metabolite discriminations among Mytilus coruscus to four SDHIs were illustrated by an untargeted metabolomics approach. A total of 54, 52, 95, and 131 differential metabolites were obtained for TF, BC, FO, and BIX. KEGG of the different metabolites show that the four SDHIs had differential effects on the metabolic pathways of Mytilus coruscus. The current study demonstrate four SDHIs triggered glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation processes, and have the disruption of nutrient and energy conversion processes in mussels.

Keywords: SDHI fungicides, Mytilus, metabolomics, Antioxidant system, Biomarker