Effect of some Plant Extracts and Media Culture on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Moringa oleifera

Abstract

This research was carried out at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani. This study was applied to determine the effect of some extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Ammi majus and different types of soil on seed germination, seedling growth and phytochemical contents as well as fresh and dry weights of Moringa olefera. The significant effects of some extracts were observed on the studied parameters of the moringa plant. The highest germination percentage of moringa recorded by the seeds treated with 10 g/L of Ammi majus extract. The greatest germination rate of moringa seeds (81.3) exhibited at control treatments of both extracts. The highest stem elongation was demonstrated by 5 g/L G. glabra and pet moss media. The maximum score of stem length of moringa (107.33 and 97.33 cm) was achieved from the combination 10 g/L G. glabra and A. majus with peat moss media, whereas the lowest value (44.33 cm) was stated by the interaction of control and peat moss. In addition, the greatest value of stem diameter (5.75 cm) was noticed by the interaction pet moss and 10 g/L A. majus. The number of leaf in moringa showed the maximum score when the seeds treated by 5 g/l G. glabra, peat moss and their combination. Whereas, the root number characteristic of moringa revealed the maximum values when the seeds treated by 5g/l G.glabra (23.44), pet moss (25.67 ) and its combination (32). The best results of dry biomass weight including shoots and leave were achieved in 5,10 g/L G. glabra and A. majus with peat moss combination, High value of the TPC, TFC and antioxidant – DPPH (3.955, 0.171 and 86.197, respectively) recorded by the interaction of 10 g/L A. majus with loam and significantly superior on other treatment. These results confirm the effectiveness of aqueous extracts of different plant and media cultures on seed germination, plant growth and phytochemical content of M. olefera.

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Keywords: Seed germination, Seedling growth, Plant extracts, Media culure, Phytochemical analysis