Antibacterial Activity of Phytochemical from Glossonema boveanum (Decne.)

Abstract

The antibacterial activity of extract from Glossonema boveanum stem bark was tested against pathogenic bacteria, which includes; Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhii, Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate crude extract and isolated compound was determined using the Agar well diffusion method. The ethyl acetate crude extract showed activity against S. aureus (13 mm), B. subtilis (21 mm), S. typhii (21 mm), S. dysenteriae (18 mm) and E. coli (11 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentrations for the ethyl acetate crude extract were determined against S. aureus (3.125 mg/ml), B. subtilis (12.5 mg/ml), S. typhii (3.125 mg/ml), S. dysenteriae (3.125 mg/ml) and E. coli (12.5 mg/ml). The extract was subjected to column chromatography and seven fractions (F1 – F7) were collected. However, F3 yielded a compound (1), (3β)-3-Hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, which was tested for antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were recorded against S. aureus (3.125 µg/ml), B. subtilis (12.500 µg/ml), S. typhii (6.250 µg/ml), S. dysenteriae (3.125 µg/ml) and E. coli (6.250 µg/ml). In conclusion, the extract of Glossonema boveanum and the compound isolated from this exhibited activity against the tested bacteria.

Keywords: Glossonema boveanum, extract, antibacterial activity, Isolation