Constructing Sn0.1-Li4ti5o12/C for Li-Ion Batteries and Mg-Li Hybrid-Ion Batteries

Abstract

The Sn0.1-Li4Ti5O12/C (Sn0.1-LTO/C) composite, synthesized by the sol-gel method, exhibits excellent lithium storage performance. At a current rate of 1 C, the initial discharge specific capacity of Sn0.1-LTO/C reaches as high as 174.3 mAh g-1, maintained around 167.1 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles. Moreover, the capacity retention rate is still 81.4% after 1000 cycles. It is the carbon skeleton that provides a high conductivity and enables the Sn0.1-LTO/C an excellent electrochemical performance without the addition of a conductive agent in the preparation process. At a current rate of 5 C, the discharge specific capacity is 103 mAh g-1, and the capacity retention rate is 81.4 % after 1000 cycles. The performance of Sn0.1-LTO/C material as the cathode of Mg-Li dual-ion battery was comprehensively explored. At the current rate of 0.5 C, its first-cycle discharge specific capacity can reach 159.1 mAh g-1. This outstanding electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergy of Sn ion doping and the conductive carbon framework. Sn0.1-LTO/C composite generates promising application prospects in both Lithium-ion batteries and Mg-Lithium dual-ion batteries.

Keywords: Li4Ti5O12, Li-ion batteries, Mg-Li hybrid-ion batteries, structure design, electrochemical properties