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The Resource Demand of Terawatt-Scale Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics

40 Pages Posted: 29 Jun 2023 Publication Status: Published

See all articles by Lukas Wagner

Lukas Wagner

University of Marburg - Physics of Solar Energy Conversion Group

Jiajia Suo

Uppsala University - Department of Chemistry

Bowen Yang

Uppsala University - Department of Chemistry

Dmitry Bogachuk

Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)

Estelle Gervais

Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)

Robert Pietzcker

Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK)

Andrea Gassmann

Fraunhofer-Research Institution Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies IWKS

Jan Christoph Goldschmidt

University of Marburg - Physics of Solar Energy Conversion Group

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Abstract

Photovoltaics (PV) is the most important energy conversion technology for cost-efficient climate change mitigation. To reach the international climate goals, the annual PV module production capacity must be expanded to multi-terawatt scale. Economic and resource constraints demand the implementation cost-efficient multi-junction technologies, for which perovskite-based tandem technologies are highly promising. In this work, the resource demand of the emerging perovskite PV technology is investigated, considering two factors of supply criticality, namely mining capacity for minerals, as well as production capacity for synthetic materials. Overall, the expansion of perovskite PV to a multi-terawatt scale may not be limited by material supply if certain materials, especially cesium and indium, can be replaced. Moreover, organic charge transport materials face unresolved scalability challenges. This study demonstrates that, besides the improvement of efficiency and stability, perovskite PV research needs also to be guided by sustainable materials choices and design-for-recycling considerations.

Keywords: Sustainability, Photovoltaics, Terawatt, perovskite solar cells, Resource Demand, Supply Criticality, Recycling

Suggested Citation

Wagner, Lukas and Suo, Jiajia and Yang, Bowen and Bogachuk, Dmitry and Gervais, Estelle and Pietzcker, Robert and Gassmann, Andrea and Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph, The Resource Demand of Terawatt-Scale Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4493241 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4493241
This version of the paper has not been formally peer reviewed.

Lukas Wagner (Contact Author)

University of Marburg - Physics of Solar Energy Conversion Group ( email )

Jiajia Suo

Uppsala University - Department of Chemistry ( email )

Bowen Yang

Uppsala University - Department of Chemistry ( email )

Dmitry Bogachuk

Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)

Estelle Gervais

Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)

Robert Pietzcker

Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK) ( email )

Telegraphenberg
Potsdam, Brandenburg 14412
Germany

Andrea Gassmann

Fraunhofer-Research Institution Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies IWKS ( email )

Jan Christoph Goldschmidt

University of Marburg - Physics of Solar Energy Conversion Group ( email )

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