Alternative to Expanding Space (Wick Rotation) As Cause Of Cosmic Time Dilation

Abstract

This article is a reply to “Detection of the cosmological time dilation of high-redshift quasars”. The article in Nature Astronomy states, “A fundamental prediction of relativistic cosmologies is that, owing to the expansion of space, observations of the distant cosmos should be time dilated and appear to run slower than events in the local universe.” This prediction can obviously be used to support the idea of an expanding universe since Einstein’s theories say the relativistic motion of expanding space causes time dilation. However, there may be another time-dilating motion that is intrinsic to space-time yet has nothing to do with expansion. This alternative motion arises from the work of Max Tegmark, professor of physics and cosmology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the USA. He hypothesizes in his Mathematical Universe Hypothesis that the physical universe is not merely described by mathematics but IS mathematics. His categorization of the universe has four levels, with level 4 being altogether different equations or mathematical structures. The alternative motion – Wick rotation, also known as the Circle of i - deduced by building upon Tegmark’s theories does not only account for time dilation. It also offers a plausible explanation of dark matter and dark energy.

Keywords: cosmological time dilation, mathematical universe, Wick rotation, Circle of i, dark matter, dark energy