Lipo-Amino Acid-Modified Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles to Improve Adhesion/Invasion and Gene Delivery Properties of E.Coli Against HepG2 Cells for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

In recent decades, bacteria have received attention for biomedical applications, particularly for the delivery of therapeutics. Due to the concern associated with inherent invading bacteria, non-pathogenic E. coli has been considered a safe alternative. However, E. coli faces a significant drawback of low efficiency in invading cells and tissue. Therefore, it is necessary to apply strategies to address this problem. In the current study, we synthesize and use the LAA-surface modified super magnetic nanoparticle to investigate its effect on the adhesion/invasion ability of E. coli against mammalian cells. Various evaluations confirmed the synthesis of LAA, naked SPIONs, and LLA-coated SPIONs. Electron microscopy has shown the attachment of LLA-coated SPIONs on the surface of E. coli cells (magteria). The viability test using nanoparticles showed a time and concentration-dependent manner in decreasing the viability of HepG2 cells. The results showed the adhesion/invasion of magteria is increased in the presence of a magnetic field. However, in the non-coted E.coli in both presence and absence of magnetic field no increase in adhesion/invasion rate were observed. In contrast, the adhesion/invasion rate of non-coted L. monocytogenes in the absence and presence of magnetic field was higher than SPION-coated bacteria. Moreover, the gene delivery evaluation showed the successful delivery of vector using magteria into HepG2 and HT-29. We propose that the magnetic nanoparticles can be applied as a strategy for enhancing the adhesion/invasion properties of bacteria for biomedical applications.

Keywords: SPION, Lipo-amino acid, E. coli, Adhesion, Invasion, Magteria