Chlorpheniramine Maleate Displays Multiple Modes of Antiviral Action Against SARS-CoV-2: A Mechanistic Study

Abstract

Chlorpheniramine Maleate (CPM) has been identified as a potential antiviral compound against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, we investigated the in vitro effects of CPM on key stages of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle, including viral adsorption, replication inhibition, and virucidal activity. Our findings demonstrate that CPM exhibits antiviral properties by interfering with viral adsorption, replication, and directly inactivating the virus. Molecular docking analysis revealed interactions between CPM and essential viral proteins, such as the main protease receptor, spike protein receptor, and RNA polymerase. CPM's interactions were primarily hydrophobic in nature, with an additional hydrogen bond formation in the RNA polymerase active site. These results suggest that CPM has the potential to serve as a multitarget antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other respiratory viruses. Further investigations are warranted to explore its clinical implications and assess its efficacy in vivo.

Note:
Funding Information: This work was supported by Dr. Ferrer Biopharma.

Declaration of Interests: I hereby declare that the disclosed information is correct and that no other situation of real, potential or apparent conflict of interest is known to me.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Chlorpheniramine maleate, cheminformatics, adsorption interference, replication interference, antiviral