Structure Design and Study on Shock Wave Attenuation Properties of Multi-Layer Polyurethane and Polyurea Materials

Abstract

The explosive blast is considered a distinct injury of the modern military conflicts, which bring many damages to buildings and people. Light-weight polymer matrix materials have splendid performance to withstand blast and dynamic impact in the modern military conflicts. Though traditional shock wave attenuating materials, consisted of metal/ceramic, fibers or polymers, are researched systematically, there is a lack of research on the polymer matrix lightweight materials on the explosive blast attenuation. Thus, we designed the two main structure materials to explore the protection ability and mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomer (PUE) and polyuria (PUA) engineering materials under explosive blast loads. One is organized by the mass fraction of nanomaterials in the PUE nanocomposites, and the other one is designed by the hardness of the PUE and PUA composite plates. Experiments exhibit that the attenuation rate of PUE nanocomposites with different masses of nanofillers can be reduced by 18.93% under the 30 g explosive load. As for multilayers between different polymers, the PUA and PUE composite plate show an 84.45% attenuation rate by changing of hardness and physical properties under the 27 g explosive load, which could provide a valuable strategy to prepare and structure design for the protection materials.

Keywords: Shock wave, Blast attenuation properties, Multilayered composites, Polyurethane elastomer, Polyurea