Assessing the Global Distribution and Conservation Status of the Taxus Genus: An Overview

Abstract

Taxus, commonly known as Yew, is a non-resinous evergreen tree renowned for its anti-cancer properties, attributed to the plant alkaloid Paclitaxel. This study draws upon secondary data sourced from reputable books, journals, and authenticated websites pertaining to the taxonomy of this significant flora. Taxus thrives in moist, humid, shady environments with slightly acidic soil, often flourishing beneath the canopies of species such as Abies pindrow, Fagus sylvatica, Picea smithiana, and Quercus spp. The primary objective of this investigation was to evaluate the global status of the Taxus genus. Its distribution spans the northern hemisphere, with various regional common names associated with Taxus species. Through a comprehensive review, our findings reveal a total of 12 natural species and 2 hybrid species globally, including T. media Rehder and T. hunnewelliana Rehder. Notably, four Taxus species—T. chinensis Rehd., T. contorta Griff., T. globosa Schlect., and T. wallichiana Zucc—are endangered, while T. brevifolia Nuttall is categorized as near threatened according to the IUCN Red List. The updated Taxus genus database presented in this study serves as a valuable resource for diverse stakeholders, encompassing researchers, academicians, forest managers, herbal industry professionals, and policymakers. This information will help in formulating effective conservation strategies and sustainable utilization plans for this important genus.

Keywords: Taxus, Yew, Taxol, Global distribution, Conservation status