Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production in Raw 264.7 Cells and Cytokines Il-1β in Osteoarthritis Rat Models of 70% Ethanol Extract of Arcangelisia Flava (L.) Merr Stems
25 Pages Posted: 6 Dec 2023 Publication Status: Published
Abstract
Introduction: One of the most frequent types of arthritis is osteoarthritis, also referred to as a degenerative joint disease. Interleukin-1β and nitric oxide (NO) are essential factors in the pain response; these two proteins are responsible for increasing the production of matrix metalloproteinases and disintegrin-like and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs in chondrocytes. Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr. Has been traditionally used to treat jaundice, liver disease, diarrhea, fever, and inflammation.
Methods: This study used in vitro and in vivo models to determine the effect of a 70% ethanol extract of Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr. stems on the inhibition of NO production in RAW 264.7 cells induced with lipopolysaccharide and IL-1β in osteoarthritis rats induced with monosodium iodoacetate, respectively. The NO inhibition test was determined by the NO colorimetric assay using Griess reagent and measured by the ELISA plate reader. The measurement of joint diameter and hyperalgesia in osteoarthritis rats was carried out once a week for 7 weeks, and then the IL-1β levels were measured at weeks 3 and 7.
Result: The viability of this extract was greater than 80%, and the extract at 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL significantly decreased NO production (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, this extract at 10, 30, and 90 mg/200g BW increased latency time, reduced joint swelling, and reduced IL-1β levels in the serum in the osteoarthritis rat model.
Conclusion: 70% ethanol extract of Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr. has the potential to be an anti-osteoarthritis drug.
Note:
Funding Declaration: This research was supported by International Research Collaboration TOP\#300 of Airlangga University (No. 352/UN3.15/PT/2023).
Conflict of Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the publication of this study.
Ethical Approval: The present study received approval from the ethics committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University (No.2.KEH.034.03.2023).
Keywords: Arcangelisia flava, Nitric oxide, IL-1β, Anti-inflammatory effect, Osteoarthritis
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