Properties of Ultrasonically Cemented Al/Cu Laminated Composites and the Attenuation Effect of Shock Waves

Abstract

Researchers have been challenged to improve the protective performance of composite armor materials. Herein, pure Al and Cu foils were used as raw materials and composited concurrently using ultrasonic additive manufacturing technology to study their organization and properties. A scanning electron microscope and universal testing machine were used to systematically study the microstructure and tensile properties of the material. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanical properties were investigated using Hopkinson rods, and the propagation law of shock waves in laminated composites was explored based on the theory of propagation of one-dimensional elastic waves in cyclic layered media. The results showed that ultrasonic solidification of the Al/Cu stacked composite interface between the generation revealed no new phases, and the mechanical bonding in the tensile experiment exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 167 MPa for the Al/Cu stacked composites. In the dynamic impact experiment, with the increase of air pressure, the strength of the material also increases, and its compressive strength can reach up to 813 MPa, while the energy absorption efficiency decreases, and the energy absorption efficiency can reach up to 80%. Analysis of the attenuation process of the shock wave in the laminated composites revealed that reaching five cyclic layers of the Al/Cu laminated composites reduced the intensity attenuation ratio can reach 63% of the total number of circulating layers, and the energy attenuation ratio can reach 77% of the total number of circulating layers, thus reaching an overall optimum material performance.

Keywords: Ultrasonic additive manufacturing, Laminated composites, Dynamic impact, Energy absorption efficiency